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Circulating microRNA biomarkers in melanoma: tools and challenges in personalised medicine

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posted on 2023-06-09, 13:04 authored by Sophie L Mumford, Benjamin TowlerBenjamin Towler, Amy L Pashler, Onur Gilleard, Yella Martin, Sarah NewburySarah Newbury
Effective management of melanoma depends heavily on early diagnosis. When detected in early non-metastatic stages, melanoma is almost 100% curable by surgical resection, however when detected in late metastatic stages III and IV, 5-year survival rates drop to ~50% and 10–25%, respectively, due to limited efficacy of current treatment options. This presents a pressing need to identify biomarkers that can detect patients at high risk of recurrence and progression to metastatic disease, which will allow for early intervention and survival benefit. Accumulating evidence over the past few decades has highlighted the potential use of circulating molecular biomarkers for melanoma diagnosis and prognosis, including lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) fragments. Since 2010, circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been increasingly recognised as more robust non-invasive biomarkers for melanoma due to their structural stability under the harsh conditions of the blood and different conditions of sample processing and isolation. Several pre-analytical and analytical variables challenge the accurate quantification of relative miRNA levels between serum samples or plasma samples, leading to conflicting findings between studies on circulating miRNA biomarkers for melanoma. In this review, we provide a critical summary of the circulating miRNA biomarkers for melanoma published to date.

Funding

Identifying miRNA signatures in peripheral blood to detect melanoma recurrence; G2151; MYFANWY TOWNSEND MELANOMA RESEARCH FUND

Understanding the cellular pathways regulated by Dis3L2 in cell proliferation.; G2236; BBSRC-BIOTECHNOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES RESEARCH COUNCIL; BB/P021042/1

Investigating the genetic basis of osteosarcoma in children and domestic dogs.; WB002-60; University of Brighton

History

Publication status

  • Published

File Version

  • Published version

Journal

Biomolecules

ISSN

2218-273X

Publisher

MDPI

Issue

2

Volume

8

Page range

1-25

Department affiliated with

  • BSMS Publications

Full text available

  • Yes

Peer reviewed?

  • Yes

Legacy Posted Date

2018-04-30

First Open Access (FOA) Date

2018-04-30

First Compliant Deposit (FCD) Date

2018-04-30

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