This text argues that a democratically reconstructed Europe requires a new approach centred around a concept of citizenship which is neither individualistic or ethnically based, but is concerned with the empowerment of individuals. The authors propose the development of a well-structured and pluralistic civic society which encourages active citizenship and a definition of democratic citizenship which can be related to different types and levels of social activity. Addressing issues central to the future of European democracy - including politics and political processes, economic and social policy, and ideology, language and communication - this book challenges many of the existing assumptions about the revolutions of 1989, their aftermath and the future of post-Cold War Europe.