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Telomere length regulation: coupling DNA end processing to feedback regulation of telomerase
journal contribution
posted on 2023-06-07, 15:10 authored by David Shore, Alessandro BianchiAlessandro BianchiThe conventional DNA polymerase machinery is unable to fully replicate the ends of linear chromosomes. To surmount this problem, nearly all eukaryotes use the telomerase enzyme, a specialized reverse transcriptase that utizes its own RNA template to add short TG-rich repeats to chromosome ends, thus reversing their gradual erosion occurring at each round of replication. This unique, non-DNA templated mode of telomere replication requires a regulatory mechanism to ensure that telomerase acts at telomeres whose TG tracts are too short, but not at those with long tracts, thus maintaining the protective TG repeat cap at an appropriate average length. The prevailing notion in the field is that telomere length regulation is brought about through a negative feedback mechanism that counts TG repeat-bound protein complexes to generate a signal that regulates telomerase action. This review summarizes experiments leading up to this model and then focuses on more recent experiments, primarily from yeast, that begin to suggest how this counting mechanism might work. The emerging picture is that of a complex interplay between the conventional DNA replication machinery, DNA damage response factors, and a specialized set of proteins that help to recruit and regulate the telomerase enzyme.
History
Publication status
- Published
Journal
EMBO JournalISSN
0261-4189Publisher
Nature Publishing GroupExternal DOI
Issue
16Volume
28Page range
2309-2322Department affiliated with
- Sussex Centre for Genome Damage Stability Publications
Notes
GDSC298Full text available
- No
Peer reviewed?
- Yes
Legacy Posted Date
2009-10-08Usage metrics
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