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Ribosomal profiling adds new coding sequences to the proteome

journal contribution
posted on 2023-06-09, 01:00 authored by Muhammad Ali Shahzad Mumtaz, Juan Pablo Couso
Next generation sequencing (NGS) has enabled an in-depth look into genes, transcripts and their translation at the genomic scale. The application of NGS sequencing of ribosome footprints (Ribo-Seq) reveals translation with single nucleotide (nt) resolution, through the deep sequencing of ribosome-bound fragments (RBFs). Some results of Ribo-Seq challenge our understanding of the protein-coding potential of the genome. Earlier bioinformatic approaches had shown the presence of hundreds of thousands of putative small ORFs (smORFs) in eukaryotic genomes, but they had been largely ignored due to their large numbers and difficulty in determining their translation and function. Ribo-Seq has revealed that hundreds of putative smORFs within previously assumed long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and UTRs of canonical mRNAs are associated with ribosomes, appearing to be translated. Here we review some of the approaches used to define translation within Ribo-Seq experiments and the challenges in defining translation of these novel smORFs in lncRNAs and UTRs. We also look at some of the bioinformatic and biochemical approaches used to independently corroborate these exciting new findings and elucidate real translation events.

History

Publication status

  • Published

Journal

Biochemical Society Transactions

ISSN

1470-8752

Publisher

Portland Press

Issue

6

Volume

43

Page range

1271-1276

Department affiliated with

  • Clinical and Experimental Medicine Publications

Full text available

  • No

Peer reviewed?

  • Yes

Legacy Posted Date

2016-04-25

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