s13098-018-0335-4.pdf (715.55 kB)
Hookah smoking is strongly associated with diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome and obesity: a population-based study
journal contribution
posted on 2023-06-09, 15:37 authored by Sara Saffar Soflaei, Susan Darroudi, Maryam Tayefi, Abolfazl Nosrati Tirkani, Mohsen Moohebati, Mahmoud Ebrahim, Habibollah Esmaily, Seyed Mohammad Reza Parizadeh, Ali Reza Heidari-Bakavoli, Gordon FernsGordon Ferns, Majid Ghayour-MorbarhamObjectives The adverse effects of cigarette smoking have been widely studied before, whilst the effects of hookah smoking has received less attention, although it is a common habit in the Middle East. Here we have investigated the effects of cigarette and hookah smoking on biochemical characteristics in a representative population sample derived from the Mashhad stroke and heart atherosclerotic disorder (MASHAD) cohort study, from Northeastern Iran. Study design A total of 9840 subjects from the MASHAD population study were allocated to five groups; non-smokers (6742), ex-smokers (976), cigarette smokers (864), hookah smokers (1067), concomitant cigarette and hookah smokers (41). Methods Baseline characteristics were recorded in a questionnaire. Biochemical characteristics were measured by routine methods. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and p?
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Publication status
- Published
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- Published version
Journal
Diabetology & Metabolic SyndromeISSN
1758-5996Publisher
BMCExternal DOI
Issue
33Volume
10Page range
1-6Department affiliated with
- BSMS Publications
Full text available
- Yes
Peer reviewed?
- Yes
Legacy Posted Date
2018-10-24First Open Access (FOA) Date
2018-10-24First Compliant Deposit (FCD) Date
2018-10-23Usage metrics
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