Trois femmes cherchent la quadrature du cercle chromatique vers 1800-1930 / Three women squaring the color circle between ca. 1800 and 1930

This essay provides a brief of overviews of women present in the history of colour literature in Europe and in the United States in the 19th and early 20th century, focusing on the aspects of book design and illustration. The three examples chosen for this piece are British writer and artist Mary Gartside (active 1760s to c.1808), US American educator Emily Noyes Vanderpoel (1842–1939) and German-Dutch-Jewish artist and art teacher Carry van Biema (1881–1942).